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Evidence-Based Mental Health Practices

Evidence-based practices are defined as therapeutic practices that maximize three core principles:

1. They are supported by the best research evidence available that links them to desired outcomes.
2. They require clinical skill and expertise to select and apply a given practice appropriately.
3. They must be responsive to the individual desires and values of consumers, which includes consideration of individual problems, strengths, personality, sociocultural context and preferences (Institute of Medicine, 2001).

Advocates, such as the American Psychological Association's Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology (DeAngelis, 2005), highlight the need to include a broad range of research evidence when evaluating the merits of a given practice. This includes evidence based on multiple research designs, such as research in public health and healthcare economics. In addition, advocates emphasize the critical role of clinical expertise to integrate research evidence with clinical information and client characteristics and preferences to deliver services that have a high probability of achieving the goals of treatment. Integral to clinical expertise is the clinical knowledge and skills to apply a given practice appropriately.

References
Institute of Medicine Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. (2001). Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. National Academy Press. Washington, DC. www.nap.edu/catalog/10027.html

DeAngelis, Tori (2005). Shaping evidence-based practice. American Psychological Association Monitor, 36 (3), p 26.